Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of automotive radar technology, emphasizing its role in advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) through real-time measurements of range, angle, and velocity. We summarize the evolution of radar waveforms—such as frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and phase-coded-FMCW (PC-FMCW)—and their signal-processing techniques for range-Doppler estimation and angle-of-arrival determination. Challenges in urban scenarios, such as the need for 4D sensing (range, velocity, azimuth, and elevation) and rising computational demands on radar sensors, are addressed. We also discuss the emergence of machine learning in radar perception and concerns over mutual interference in dense environments. The chapter concludes by exploring advances in radar hardware and algorithms, emphasizing real-time capability, interference mitigation, and progress toward higher autonomy.